The Role of AI in Tailoring Treatment Plans for Patients

Nyambura Achieng M.

School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming modern medicine by enabling the development of personalized treatment plans tailored to individual patients’ genomic, physiological, and behavioral data. With increasing access to large-scale biomedical datasets and advanced deep learning techniques, AI plays a central role in precision medicine by enhancing drug discovery, optimizing treatment schedules, and matching therapies to patient-specific profiles. This paper explores the historical evolution, current applications, and future potential of AI in clinical decision-making, particularly in oncology and neuroscience. Key AI technologies, such as machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing, are examined in the context of their roles in diagnostics, treatment planning, and patient monitoring. Despite promising results, challenges such as algorithmic bias, data privacy, regulatory barriers, and the interpretability of AI-driven decisions continue to limit their full integration into clinical practice. The study highlights the importance of transparency, collaboration, and ethical oversight in advancing AI-driven healthcare solutions that are inclusive, reliable, and equitable.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Personalized Medicine, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Clinical Decision Support, Precision Medicine.

CITE AS: Nyambura Achieng M. (2025). The Role of AI in Tailoring Treatment Plans for Patients. Research Output Journal of Public Health and Medicine 5(1):107-114. https://doi.org/10.59298/ROJPHM/2025/51107114