Impact of Stigma on HIV Treatment and Care among American Patients: A Comprehensive Review

Masika Anna Mahinda

Faculty of Pharmacy Kampala International University Uganda

Email: mahindamasika@studwc.kiu.ac.ug

ABSTRACT

Stigma surrounding HIV was a significant barrier to effective treatment and care for individuals living with the virus in the United States. This comprehensive review examined the various dimensions of stigmasocial, internalized, and structuraland their detrimental effects on access to healthcare, treatment adherence, and overall mental health outcomes for American patients. To write this review, a systematic literature search across multiple databases were utilized to gather relevant studies and reports on HIV-related stigma and its impact on treatment and care. The review highlighted how stigma contributed to delayed care-seeking behaviors, non-disclosure of HIV status, and increased psychological distress, ultimately compromising health outcomes. It also identified facilitators that can help mitigate stigma, including community support groups, peer advocacy, educational initiatives, and integrated healthcare services. By synthesizing existing literature and evidence-based interventions, this review underscored the urgent need for comprehensive strategies aimed at reducing stigma and promoting a supportive environment for individuals living with HIV.

Keywords: Stigma, HIV, Treatment Adherence, Mental Health, Healthcare Access.

CITE AS: Masika Anna Mahinda. (2024). Impact of Stigma on HIV Treatment and Care among American Patients: A Comprehensive Review. Research Output Journal of Public Health and Medicine 4(2):23-28. https://doi.org/10.59298/ROJPHM/2024/422328